{
  "dataset": {
    "name": "Pet Calorie Reference Dataset",
    "version": "1.0.0",
    "license": "CC BY 4.0",
    "license_url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
    "attribution": "PetPortionCalc.com — Pet Calorie Reference Dataset (CC BY 4.0)",
    "source_url": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts",
    "publisher": "PetPortionCalc.com",
    "generator": "site/tools/gen-dataset.mjs (imports the site's own calculation engine)",
    "notes": "All figures are computed by the same engine that powers the site calculators. No value in this dataset is hand-entered. Energy values follow the NRC method (RER = 70 x kg^0.75) multiplied by species-specific activity factors; the cat single-formula clinical figure uses NRC 100 x kg^0.67. Food energy density is NOT assumed anywhere in this dataset: every density-bearing row carries its own assumption column.",
    "last_updated": "2026-10-03T07:05:24Z",
    "row_counts": {
      "resting_energy_formulas": 2,
      "energy_multipliers": 58,
      "daily_energy_typical": 10,
      "energy_variation": 2,
      "portion_by_density": 8,
      "water_intake": 2,
      "food_density_reference": 2,
      "feeding_rules": 4,
      "calorie_units": 3
    },
    "total_rows": 91,
    "license_note": "You may copy, redistribute and adapt this dataset for any purpose, provided you credit PetPortionCalc.com with a link to https://petportioncalc.com/facts."
  },
  "tables": {
    "resting_energy_formulas": [
      {
        "id": "rer_general",
        "applies_to": "Dog, Cat",
        "method": "RER = coefficient x kg^exponent",
        "coefficient": 70,
        "exponent": 0.75,
        "unit": "kcal/day",
        "example_5kg": 234.1,
        "provenance": "Standard veterinary resting energy requirement (NRC-form), coefficient 70, exponent 0.75",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "mer_cat_clinical_single_formula",
        "applies_to": "Cat",
        "method": "MER = coefficient x kg^exponent",
        "coefficient": 100,
        "exponent": 0.67,
        "unit": "kcal/day",
        "example_5kg": 294,
        "provenance": "NRC 2006 cat single-formula shortcut. Note the exponent is 0.67, NOT 0.75 — this is the formula behind the site's cat calorie figures and is disclosed on the cat vs dog page.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "energy_multipliers": [
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 3,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Puppy (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.4,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Low",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Working",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Low",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.8,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Typical",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Working",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.35,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Typical or low activity",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.35,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Typical or low activity",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.5,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 1.5,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.35,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Typical or low activity",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.35,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Typical or low activity",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.5,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥7 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Working",
        "multiplier": 1.5,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥7 years) · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2.5,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (<4 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 2,
        "rule_label": "Kitten (4–12 months)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Low",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Typical indoor",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.4,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Neutered · Active/Outdoor",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Low",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.4,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Typical",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "rule_label": "Adult · Intact · Active",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Low",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "neutered": "No",
        "activity": "Active",
        "multiplier": 1.1,
        "rule_label": "Senior (≥11 years)",
        "applies_to": "maintenance",
        "basis": "NRC 2006 energy requirement tables",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 1,
        "rule_label": "Weight loss (ideal weight)",
        "applies_to": "weight_loss",
        "basis": "Weight-loss target overrides all maintenance rows",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "life_stage": "Adult",
        "neutered": "Yes",
        "activity": "Typical",
        "multiplier": 0.8,
        "rule_label": "Weight loss (ideal weight)",
        "applies_to": "weight_loss",
        "basis": "Weight-loss target overrides all maintenance rows",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "daily_energy_typical": [
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "weight_lb": 11,
        "daily_kcal": 374,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 10,
        "weight_lb": 22,
        "daily_kcal": 630,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 15,
        "weight_lb": 33.1,
        "daily_kcal": 854,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 20,
        "weight_lb": 44.1,
        "daily_kcal": 1059,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 30,
        "weight_lb": 66.1,
        "daily_kcal": 1436,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 40,
        "weight_lb": 88.2,
        "daily_kcal": 1781,
        "multiplier": 1.6,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 3,
        "weight_lb": 6.6,
        "daily_kcal": 191,
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 4,
        "weight_lb": 8.8,
        "daily_kcal": 238,
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "weight_lb": 11,
        "daily_kcal": 281,
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 6,
        "weight_lb": 13.2,
        "daily_kcal": 322,
        "multiplier": 1.2,
        "maintenance": "yes",
        "basis": "RER x species activity factor (engine output)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "energy_variation": [
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "relative_spread": 0.35,
        "spread_pct": "35%",
        "meaning": "Typical individual variation around the calculated daily energy requirement",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "relative_spread": 0.5,
        "spread_pct": "50%",
        "meaning": "Typical individual variation around the calculated daily energy requirement",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "portion_by_density": [
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 10,
        "daily_kcal": 630,
        "kcal_per_100g": 350,
        "assumption": "adult dog maintenance kibble (page default)",
        "grams_per_day": 180,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 1.64,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 10,
        "daily_kcal": 630,
        "kcal_per_100g": 360,
        "assumption": "dry food, species-comparison neutral value",
        "grams_per_day": 175,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 1.59,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 10,
        "daily_kcal": 630,
        "kcal_per_100g": 370,
        "assumption": "common adult dog food",
        "grams_per_day": 170,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 1.55,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Dog",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 10,
        "daily_kcal": 630,
        "kcal_per_100g": 380,
        "assumption": "common adult cat food",
        "grams_per_day": 166,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 1.51,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "daily_kcal": 281,
        "kcal_per_100g": 350,
        "assumption": "adult dog maintenance kibble (page default)",
        "grams_per_day": 80,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 0.73,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "daily_kcal": 281,
        "kcal_per_100g": 360,
        "assumption": "dry food, species-comparison neutral value",
        "grams_per_day": 78,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 0.71,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "daily_kcal": 281,
        "kcal_per_100g": 370,
        "assumption": "common adult dog food",
        "grams_per_day": 76,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 0.69,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "species": "Cat",
        "profile": "Adult · Neutered · Typical",
        "weight_kg": 5,
        "daily_kcal": 281,
        "kcal_per_100g": 380,
        "assumption": "common adult cat food",
        "grams_per_day": 74,
        "cups_per_day_110g_per_cup": 0.67,
        "grams_per_cup_used": 110,
        "provenance": "kcal_per_100g is an ASSUMPTION per row, not a site-wide constant. grams = daily_kcal / kcal_per_100g * 100.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "water_intake": [
      {
        "id": "dog_water",
        "species": "Dog",
        "per_kg_ml_min": 30,
        "per_kg_ml_max": 50,
        "per_lb_floz": 1,
        "example": "10 kg dog → 300–500 ml/day",
        "note": "Total includes water from food.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "cat_water",
        "species": "Cat",
        "per_kg_ml_min": 40,
        "per_kg_ml_max": 60,
        "per_lb_floz": null,
        "example": "5 kg cat → 200–300 ml/day",
        "note": "Total includes moisture in food; dry food is ~10% moisture, wet ~75%.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "food_density_reference": [
      {
        "form": "Dry (kibble)",
        "moisture_pct_approx": 10,
        "kcal_per_kg_min": 3500,
        "kcal_per_kg_max": 4000,
        "kcal_per_100g_min": 350,
        "kcal_per_100g_max": 400,
        "assumption": "Range across typical commercial dry foods; NOT a single value.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "form": "Wet (canned)",
        "moisture_pct_approx": 75,
        "kcal_per_kg_min": 800,
        "kcal_per_kg_max": 1200,
        "kcal_per_100g_min": 80,
        "kcal_per_100g_max": 120,
        "assumption": "Range across typical commercial wet foods; NOT a single value.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "feeding_rules": [
      {
        "id": "treat_max_share",
        "rule": "Treats should be no more than this share of daily calories",
        "value": 0.1,
        "unit": "share of daily kcal",
        "note": "10% of daily calories.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "cat_weight_loss_max_excess",
        "rule": "Home weight management stops above this excess over ideal weight (vet-managed plan instead)",
        "value": 0.2,
        "unit": "share over ideal weight",
        "note": "Deliberately conservative vs the AAHA obesity line (30%).",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "dog_loss_rate",
        "rule": "Safe weekly weight-loss rate — dog",
        "value_min": 0.01,
        "value_max": 0.02,
        "unit": "share of body weight per week",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "cat_loss_rate",
        "rule": "Safe weekly weight-loss rate — cat",
        "value_min": 0.005,
        "value_max": 0.02,
        "unit": "share of body weight per week",
        "note": "Crash dieting can cause hepatic lipidosis; slower is safer.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ],
    "calorie_units": [
      {
        "id": "kcal_kg_to_100g",
        "rule": "kcal/kg ÷ 10 = kcal per 100 g",
        "example": "4000 kcal/kg = 400 kcal/100 g",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "kcal_cup_to_100g",
        "rule": "(kcal/cup ÷ grams_per_cup) × 100 = kcal per 100 g",
        "default_grams_per_cup": 110,
        "example": "350 kcal/cup ÷ 110 g/cup × 100 = 318 kcal/100 g",
        "note": "Sensitive to the grams-per-cup assumption — always state it.",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      },
      {
        "id": "wet_dry_weight_ratio",
        "rule": "Wet food has roughly a quarter of the calories of dry food by weight",
        "example": "100 g of wet ≈ 25 g of dry (about 1 kcal/g vs 4 kcal/g)",
        "source": "https://petportioncalc.com/facts"
      }
    ]
  }
}